This book assembles eighteen studies by internationally renowned scholars that epitomize the latest and best advances in research on the greatest polymath in Latin Christian antiquity, Jerome of Stridon (c.346–420) traditionally known as "Saint Jerome." It is divided into three sections which explore topics such as the underlying motivations behind Jerome's work as a hagiographer, letter-writer, theological controversialist, translator and exegete of the Bible, his linguistic competence in Greek, Hebrew, and Syriac, his relations to contemporary Jews and Judaism as well as to the Greek and Latin patristic traditions, and his reception in both the East and West in late antiquity down through the Protestant Reformation. Familiar debates are re-opened, hitherto uncharted terrain is explored, and problems old and new are posed and solved with the use of innovative methodologies. This monumental volume is an indispensable resource not only for specialists on Jerome but also for students and scholars who cultivate interests broadly in the history, religion, society, and literature of the late antique Christian world.