At the close of the Tertiary, or what is known as the Quaternary age, through some cause not yet satisfactorily explained the most of the North American continent became frozen up. At this time, the rocks as they now exist were nearly all formed and all of the mountain ranges were completed, for the history of the glacier is everywhere written on their rocky crests.

Let us imagine, then, a great ice-sheet from five to ten thousand feet in thickness moving out from the region of the lakes. It seeks a pathway to the sea in a southeast direction, overflowing the highest mountains of New York and New England, for we find their summits abraded nearly to the top.

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