In 1641, a breakdown occurred in Ulster, between natives and settlers, along ethnic and religious lines. These essays examine the genesis and impact of this conflict. Themes include detailed local studies of the violence; the Plantation, Protestantism and the broader 'Three Kingdoms' political setting; the place of 1641 in protestant identity; and the Gaelic literary and continental contexts of the Ulster-Irish community. The accessible style makes the collection valuable both for students of religion and society in early modern Europe, and also for anyone interested in Ireland's troubled past. For this new edition, a Bibliographical Essay has been added, covering items published in the 25 years (1993-2018) since the first appearance of the collection.